A snapshot stores the state of your work at an arbitrary point in time, much like a freeze frame.
In contrast to reverting edits step-by-step using the History panel, snapshots let you instantly restore your work to an explicitly defined stage.
You might do this in advance of carrying out a sequence of complex operations to allow yourself to step back to a specific point in time if things don't go to plan.
Multiple snapshots can be created. So, if you're experimenting with different design ideas, you can also create a different snapshot for each one to help you decide which idea you prefer, all while working in a single document.
The Snapshots feature can be found in the History panel.