There are a range of adjustments which can be applied to your design as a new layer for creative or corrective purposes.
Adjustments are applied to your image from the Layers panel and most include customizable settings alongside general adjustment options.
Adjustment layers only affect objects in the layer which are below them. Alternatively, you can make an adjustment a child of an object, thereby affecting that object only.
Some adjustments (i.e., Curves, Levels, or Channel Mixer) can be made in any color space independently of the document color space.
The following general settings are available from all adjustment dialogs: